Altman Z″

An educational indicator of financial stability that folds several balance-sheet ratios into one number.

The Altman Z″ score combines balance-sheet ratios (working capital, retained earnings, EBIT, equity) into one number that hints whether a firm sits in a "safe", "grey" or "distress" zone. The Z″ variant is tuned for non-financial firms in emerging markets. Here it is an educational guide, NOT a credit rating or a buy/sell signal.